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Center for Excellence in Enterprise eLearning |
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Simulation in the Enterprise: Centrifugal Force: The Race for eLearning in the Real-time Extended Enterprise Summary | Table of Contents | Index 68 pages. 24 graphics and tables. $250 single-reader subscription. |
Summary Centrifugal Force: The Race for eLearning in the Real-time Extended Enterprise The first report in this series describes the market factors and the economic conditions that are driving elearning and performance improvement technology into enterprise suites. It describes the “pain points” of vendors, customers and users. This report highlights the vendors from several previously distinct industries that are now focusing on a single convergent performance market. Along with the enterprise vendors, the vendors discussed in this report include: Simulation and Training, Product Lifecycle Management, Business Process Management, Collaboration, Enterprise Content Management and Enterprise eLearning. Each of these industries has experienced failures with first-generation products. Those failures have become the design criteria for second-generation product development. The “lessons learned” have been carried forward into innovations in new product lines. Second and third-generation product cycles are now being launched by all of these industries. Elearning, Enterprise Collaboration, Product Lifecycle Management, and Enterprise Content Management have just entered a distinct second-generation stage. The Simulation and Training, Business Process Management and Enterprise Application product lifecycles are more mature than the others. They are entering third-generation product phases. First-generation elearning products based on courseware models were designed primarily to meet the cost cutting needs of training buyers. They do not meet the needs of the workers who are supposed to use them. This has resulted in the paradox inherent in the dichotomy between the high-volume sales of elearning courseware and the extraordinarily high rate of “no-shows and drop-outs”. The drop-out problem is a clear indication of a product design issue and not a motivational or organizational problem that needs to be fixed. These products have only partially met the needs of the buyers. The first-generation products, now often called “first wave” products by industry veterans, meet the buyer’s need to cut costs, but do not meet their need to improve productivity or align the business strategy with workforce performance. Workforce performance is primarily an issue of change management. Change management is the most difficult task that enterprises face when they integrate and optimize their systems and processes. The customer demand for integration is directly related to the need to cut costs and improve profits. The demand for optimization is the result of the need to increase productivity. Optimization is being driven by the need to do more with less in a climate of reduced budgets and downsizing. Once those two things are achieved, the change management issue is exposed as the real challenge. The most illusive goal of change management, so far, is workforce performance compliance. The “holy grail” is the demand to physically align technology and business strategy with employee, partner and customer performance. This is identical with the need to “bridge” IT systems and business strategy but extends this bridging metaphor to include the alignment of workforce performance. This report describes the new product innovations resulting from the integration of enterprise application suite technology, business strategy and workforce performance. They are designed to meet the needs of both buyers and users. Convergence Vectors and Innovation Inflection Points Convergence vectors are the areas where the product lifecycles from these previously distinct industries intersect with each other. Innovation inflection points are the most prominent innovations coming from each sector.
One unmistakable pattern of convergence is the number of companies that already have products in the different competing industries discussed in this report. Each year, the larger companies add product lines to their suites to tap the revenues in the previously distinct markets. Another strong indication of convergence is the arrival of transactional portals in late 2002. The transactional portal is essentially a customized web interface that aggregates not only content but trans-application functionality targeted to particular users. Selective feature sets of many applications, defined by business rules and based on an employee’s job role, are blended into a single interface. Transactional portals will have a fundamental impact on applications training as we know it. End-user training in particular will need to migrate rapidly to solution-centric workflow training and away from product-centric training. The first report defines a new enterprise application taxonomy that maps the correspondences between enterprise technology, instructional simulation, Constructivist Situated Learning design, Balanced Scorecard, Six Sigma and ISO9001:2000 methodology. It aligns these correspondence models to the convergent Real-time Extended Enterprise (REE). There are also two diagonal “wings” of this new taxonomy that map to the way Alessi and Trollip collapsed their four simulation categories into two instructional strategies. Those two wings are expressed as “learning about things and learning to do things”. Collaboration Management and Product Management provide support for performance in the workflow in which people and systems “do things”. Resource Management and Process Management provide information “about something”, primarily to business managers and decision makers. SAP expresses this in business language as, “in the end, the benefits of simulation really boil down to improving two key areas: decision support and communication.” The REE taxonomy presented in this section is the first cohesive taxonomy to inculcate the rapidly emerging technologies into a single “mind-map”. It is organized around the functional quadrants of workflow. The functional quadrants are subsumed under the mnemonic rubric of “People and technology in the workspace collaborate in a process to produce products”. It is important to point out that systematic approaches to instructional design originated in the early cybernetics models of systems science theory. Situated Learning grew out of the second wave of cybernetics in the 1990’s and is rooted in the Constructivist movement. The original ISD models stressed a strong dependence on the constant iterative evaluation of development and delivery processes. Until the advent of the new Business Process Modeling (BPM) and process simulation tools, that iterative process proved to be too expensive to do in almost any corporate courseware development project. These tools now fulfill the promise of the cybernetic vision of asymmetric performance improvement. The REE Taxonomy maps to the Situated Learning model that has emerged out of the second-order cybernetic learning theory called Constructivism. Stated in Situated Learning performance terms, these systems and tools: § Identify performance in the context of an authentic context. § Enable the collaborative construction of skills and knowledge using authentic activities. § Provide access to expert performance and process modeling. § Sustain the new constructed performance with authentic contextual assessment via workflow feedback loops. In the context of the Real-time Extended Enterprise, a competitive learning platform does not have to provide all the functions of the REE. It does have to integrate with those functions and reflect the dynamics of real-time performance in the workflow. With the advent of workforce analytics and embedded performance technology it is now possible to see the shape of best-of-breed learning solutions. Topics covered in the first report include: § Feel The Burn: Vendor, Buyer and User Pain Points § The Dawn of the Real-time Extended Enterprise § When Galaxies Collide: The Seven Industries on a Collision Path § The Economy of Fusion: Convergent Technology, Tools, Content and Services § The Convergent Application Interface: The Enterprise Portal § The Convergent Enterprise Taxonomy: Overview of Enterprise Application Suites § Best-of-Breed: The Real-time Extended Enterprise Learning Platform |
Index
Alessi and Trollip, 57, 59, 61 Autonomy, 37, 38, 39, 40, 60 BAM, 6, 21, 57, 61 BEA, 54 BI, 6, 16, 21, 57, 61 BPM, 6, 20, 21, 24, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 41, 44, 49, 57, 59, 61 Business Activity Monitoring, 6, 21, 46, 61 Business Intelligence, 6, 21, 46, 50, 61 Business Process Management, 2, 7, 8, 20, 21, 24, 25, 31, 33, 34, 46, 50, 61 Centra, 28, 30, 41, 44 Click2learn, 11, 43 Cognos, 6, 21, 35, 55 Collaboration, 2, 7, 8, 24, 25, 28, 29, 30, 38, 43, 46, 49, 56, 57, 60, 61 Content, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10, 20, 21, 24, 25, 36, 37, 38, 42, 44, 45, 46, 50, 51, 53, 54, 56, 60, 61, 62 Content management, 10 Continuous Workflow Performance Improvement, 1 Courseware, 9 CRM, 3, 7, 16, 23, 45, 46, 48, 50, 56, 57, 62 Docent, 6, 11, 12, 13, 21, 43, 63 Documentum, 12, 30, 37, 38 EAI, 9, 26, 47, 48, 50, 51 elearning, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11 eLearning, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 24, 25, 41, 42, 49, 62, 63, 64 Element K, 10, 11, 12, 50, 51 Embedded, 2, 8, 25, 31, 33, 62, 63 Epiance, 6 ERP, 3, 16, 23, 32, 38, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 56, 57, 60 FileNet, 6, 21, 34, 38, 49 Hyperwave, 6, 10, 12, 17, 22, 29, 37, 49, 63 IBM, 1, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 45, 49, 53 ILOG, 6, 29, 34 Indeliq, 6 Innovation, 8, 14, 21, 25, 43 Instant Messaging, 22, 60, 61 Key Performance Indicator, 9 Knowledge Impact, 6, 10, 17, 20, 44 Knowledge Management, 2, 22, 37, 39, 46, 50, 56, 60 Knowledge Products, 6, 10, 11, 17, 20, 44 LCMS, 14, 15, 19, 38, 43, 45, 57, 60, 62 Learning, 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 15, 16, 18, 19, 25, 36, 38, 41, 42, 45, 57, 59, 60, 62 LMS, 4, 14, 15, 16, 19, 24, 34, 41, 42, 43, 45, 57, 60, 62 Lombardi, 6, 10, 21 Measuring, 10 Microsoft, 1, 5, 9, 10, 29, 34, 46, 49, 53, 54 Modeling, 10, 30, 31, 33, 57 Modifying, 10 Nobilis, 6, 10 Oracle, 1, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 24, 32, 35, 45, 46, 49, 60 PeopleSoft, 1, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 21, 22, 35, 45, 46, 49, 60 Performance, 5, 9, 10, 17, 25, 30, 31, 33, 51, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63 Performance Support, 8, 25, 31, 62 Plateau, 11 Portal, 2, 9, 22, 52, 54 Portals, 8, 10, 25 Presence, 8, 22, 25, 29, 57, 60, 61 Presence Awareness, 8 Product Lifecycle Management, 7, 8 Product Management, 11 Productivity, 54 Real-time Extended Enterprise, 1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 31, 44, 48, 51, 55, 56, 57, 59, 62, 64 REE, 7, 20, 21, 44, 48, 51, 56, 57, 59, 62, 64 Saba, 11, 13, 43 SAP, 1, 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 17, 20, 32, 35, 44, 45, 46, 49, 60 SCM, 3, 7, 16, 23, 31, 45, 46, 47, 48, 56, 57, 61 Siebel, 1, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 17, 35, 45, 46, 49, 55, 60 Simulation, 0, 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, 10, 14, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 44, 57, 63, 1 Situated Learning, 7, 9, 41, 43, 44, 57, 59 Situational Awareness, 6 Staffware, 34 Sun, 1, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 45, 49, 54, 60 Tacit Knowledge, 29, 39, 60 Teamplate, 6, 10, 35 THINQ, 11 Top-down, 10 Ultimus, 6, 10, 34 Vignette, 38, 54 Web Services, 9, 12, 17, 45, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 62 WebEx, 22, 28 workflow, 1, 6, 7, 8, 9 Workflow, 0, 1, 2, 6, 8, 9, 10, 15, 22, 25, 30, 33, 35, 37, 57, 61, 62 Workflow-based eLearning, 1, 6, 10 Workforce Analytics, 9, 17, 21, 61 XML, 50, 51, 54 XStream, 6, 10, 44
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